2015-06-18 14:20:30 +00:00
|
|
|
|
---
|
|
|
|
|
language: Groovy
|
2015-06-19 02:58:39 +00:00
|
|
|
|
filename: learngroovy-cn.groovy
|
2015-06-18 14:20:30 +00:00
|
|
|
|
contributors:
|
|
|
|
|
- ["Roberto Pérez Alcolea", "http://github.com/rpalcolea"]
|
2015-06-19 02:58:39 +00:00
|
|
|
|
translators:
|
|
|
|
|
- ["Todd Gao", "http://github.com/7c00"]
|
|
|
|
|
lang: zh-cn
|
2015-06-18 14:20:30 +00:00
|
|
|
|
---
|
|
|
|
|
|
2015-06-19 02:58:39 +00:00
|
|
|
|
Groovy - Java平台的动态语言。[了解更多。](http://www.groovy-lang.org/)
|
2015-06-18 14:20:30 +00:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
```groovy
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
/*
|
2015-06-19 02:58:39 +00:00
|
|
|
|
安装:
|
2015-06-18 14:20:30 +00:00
|
|
|
|
|
2015-06-19 02:58:39 +00:00
|
|
|
|
1) 安装 GVM - http://gvmtool.net/
|
|
|
|
|
2) 安装 Groovy: gvm install groovy
|
|
|
|
|
3) 启动 groovy 控制台,键入: groovyConsole
|
2015-06-18 14:20:30 +00:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
*/
|
|
|
|
|
|
2015-06-19 02:58:39 +00:00
|
|
|
|
// 双斜线开始的是单行注释
|
2015-06-18 14:20:30 +00:00
|
|
|
|
/*
|
2015-06-19 02:58:39 +00:00
|
|
|
|
像这样的是多行注释
|
2015-06-18 14:20:30 +00:00
|
|
|
|
*/
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
// Hello World
|
|
|
|
|
println "Hello world!"
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
/*
|
2015-06-19 02:58:39 +00:00
|
|
|
|
变量:
|
2015-06-18 14:20:30 +00:00
|
|
|
|
|
2015-06-19 02:58:39 +00:00
|
|
|
|
可以给变量赋值,稍后再用
|
2015-06-18 14:20:30 +00:00
|
|
|
|
*/
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
def x = 1
|
|
|
|
|
println x
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
x = new java.util.Date()
|
|
|
|
|
println x
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
x = -3.1499392
|
|
|
|
|
println x
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
x = false
|
|
|
|
|
println x
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
x = "Groovy!"
|
|
|
|
|
println x
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
/*
|
2015-06-19 02:58:39 +00:00
|
|
|
|
集合和map
|
2015-06-18 14:20:30 +00:00
|
|
|
|
*/
|
|
|
|
|
|
2015-06-19 02:58:39 +00:00
|
|
|
|
//创建一个空的列表
|
2015-06-18 14:20:30 +00:00
|
|
|
|
def technologies = []
|
|
|
|
|
|
2015-06-19 02:58:39 +00:00
|
|
|
|
/*** 往列表中增加一个元素 ***/
|
2015-06-18 14:20:30 +00:00
|
|
|
|
|
2015-06-19 02:58:39 +00:00
|
|
|
|
// 和Java一样
|
2015-06-18 14:20:30 +00:00
|
|
|
|
technologies.add("Grails")
|
|
|
|
|
|
2015-06-19 02:58:39 +00:00
|
|
|
|
// 左移添加,返回该列表
|
2015-06-18 14:20:30 +00:00
|
|
|
|
technologies << "Groovy"
|
|
|
|
|
|
2015-06-19 02:58:39 +00:00
|
|
|
|
// 增加多个元素
|
2015-06-18 14:20:30 +00:00
|
|
|
|
technologies.addAll(["Gradle","Griffon"])
|
|
|
|
|
|
2015-06-19 02:58:39 +00:00
|
|
|
|
/*** 从列表中删除元素 ***/
|
2015-06-18 14:20:30 +00:00
|
|
|
|
|
2015-06-19 02:58:39 +00:00
|
|
|
|
// 和Java一样
|
2015-06-18 14:20:30 +00:00
|
|
|
|
technologies.remove("Griffon")
|
|
|
|
|
|
2015-06-19 02:58:39 +00:00
|
|
|
|
// 减法也行
|
2015-06-18 14:20:30 +00:00
|
|
|
|
technologies = technologies - 'Grails'
|
|
|
|
|
|
2015-06-19 02:58:39 +00:00
|
|
|
|
/*** 遍历列表 ***/
|
2015-06-18 14:20:30 +00:00
|
|
|
|
|
2015-06-19 02:58:39 +00:00
|
|
|
|
// 遍历列表中的元素
|
2015-06-18 14:20:30 +00:00
|
|
|
|
technologies.each { println "Technology: $it"}
|
|
|
|
|
technologies.eachWithIndex { it, i -> println "$i: $it"}
|
|
|
|
|
|
2015-06-19 02:58:39 +00:00
|
|
|
|
/*** 检查列表内容 ***/
|
2015-06-18 14:20:30 +00:00
|
|
|
|
|
2015-06-19 02:58:39 +00:00
|
|
|
|
//判断列表是否包含某元素,返回boolean
|
2015-06-18 14:20:30 +00:00
|
|
|
|
contained = technologies.contains( 'Groovy' )
|
|
|
|
|
|
2015-06-19 02:58:39 +00:00
|
|
|
|
// 或
|
2015-06-18 14:20:30 +00:00
|
|
|
|
contained = 'Groovy' in technologies
|
|
|
|
|
|
2015-06-19 02:58:39 +00:00
|
|
|
|
// 检查多个元素
|
2015-06-18 14:20:30 +00:00
|
|
|
|
technologies.containsAll(['Groovy','Grails'])
|
|
|
|
|
|
2015-06-19 02:58:39 +00:00
|
|
|
|
/*** 排序列表 ***/
|
2015-06-18 14:20:30 +00:00
|
|
|
|
|
2015-06-19 02:58:39 +00:00
|
|
|
|
// 排序列表(修改原列表)
|
2015-06-18 14:20:30 +00:00
|
|
|
|
technologies.sort()
|
|
|
|
|
|
2015-06-19 02:58:39 +00:00
|
|
|
|
// 要想不修改原列表,可以这样:
|
2015-06-18 14:20:30 +00:00
|
|
|
|
sortedTechnologies = technologies.sort( false )
|
|
|
|
|
|
2015-06-19 02:58:39 +00:00
|
|
|
|
/*** 操作列表 ***/
|
2015-06-18 14:20:30 +00:00
|
|
|
|
|
2015-06-19 02:58:39 +00:00
|
|
|
|
//替换列表元素
|
2015-06-18 14:20:30 +00:00
|
|
|
|
Collections.replaceAll(technologies, 'Gradle', 'gradle')
|
|
|
|
|
|
2015-06-19 02:58:39 +00:00
|
|
|
|
//打乱列表
|
2015-06-18 14:20:30 +00:00
|
|
|
|
Collections.shuffle(technologies, new Random())
|
|
|
|
|
|
2015-06-19 02:58:39 +00:00
|
|
|
|
//清空列表
|
2015-06-18 14:20:30 +00:00
|
|
|
|
technologies.clear()
|
|
|
|
|
|
2015-06-19 02:58:39 +00:00
|
|
|
|
//创建空的map
|
2015-06-18 14:20:30 +00:00
|
|
|
|
def devMap = [:]
|
|
|
|
|
|
2015-06-19 02:58:39 +00:00
|
|
|
|
//增加值
|
2015-06-18 14:20:30 +00:00
|
|
|
|
devMap = ['name':'Roberto', 'framework':'Grails', 'language':'Groovy']
|
|
|
|
|
devMap.put('lastName','Perez')
|
|
|
|
|
|
2015-06-19 02:58:39 +00:00
|
|
|
|
//遍历map元素
|
2015-06-18 14:20:30 +00:00
|
|
|
|
devMap.each { println "$it.key: $it.value" }
|
|
|
|
|
devMap.eachWithIndex { it, i -> println "$i: $it"}
|
|
|
|
|
|
2015-06-19 02:58:39 +00:00
|
|
|
|
//判断map是否包含某键
|
2015-06-18 14:20:30 +00:00
|
|
|
|
assert devMap.containsKey('name')
|
|
|
|
|
|
2015-06-19 02:58:39 +00:00
|
|
|
|
//判断map是否包含某值
|
2015-06-18 14:20:30 +00:00
|
|
|
|
assert devMap.containsValue('Roberto')
|
|
|
|
|
|
2015-06-19 02:58:39 +00:00
|
|
|
|
//取得map所有的键
|
2015-06-18 14:20:30 +00:00
|
|
|
|
println devMap.keySet()
|
|
|
|
|
|
2015-06-19 02:58:39 +00:00
|
|
|
|
//取得map所有的值
|
2015-06-18 14:20:30 +00:00
|
|
|
|
println devMap.values()
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
/*
|
|
|
|
|
Groovy Beans
|
|
|
|
|
|
2015-06-19 02:58:39 +00:00
|
|
|
|
GroovyBeans 是 JavaBeans,但使用了更简单的语法
|
2015-06-18 14:20:30 +00:00
|
|
|
|
|
2015-06-19 02:58:39 +00:00
|
|
|
|
Groovy 被编译为字节码时,遵循下列规则。
|
2015-06-18 14:20:30 +00:00
|
|
|
|
|
2015-06-19 02:58:39 +00:00
|
|
|
|
* 如果一个名字声明时带有访问修饰符(public, private, 或者 protected),
|
|
|
|
|
则会生成一个字段(field)。
|
2015-06-18 14:20:30 +00:00
|
|
|
|
|
2015-06-19 02:58:39 +00:00
|
|
|
|
* 名字声明时没有访问修饰符,则会生成一个带有public getter和setter的
|
|
|
|
|
private字段,即属性(property)。
|
2015-06-18 14:20:30 +00:00
|
|
|
|
|
2015-06-19 02:58:39 +00:00
|
|
|
|
* 如果一个属性声明为final,则会创建一个final的private字段,但不会生成setter。
|
2015-06-18 14:20:30 +00:00
|
|
|
|
|
2015-06-19 02:58:39 +00:00
|
|
|
|
* 可以声明一个属性的同时定义自己的getter和setter。
|
2015-06-18 14:20:30 +00:00
|
|
|
|
|
2015-06-19 02:58:39 +00:00
|
|
|
|
* 可以声明具有相同名字的属性和字段,该属性会使用该字段。
|
2015-06-18 14:20:30 +00:00
|
|
|
|
|
2015-06-19 02:58:39 +00:00
|
|
|
|
* 如果要定义private或protected属性,必须提供声明为private或protected的getter
|
|
|
|
|
和setter。
|
2015-06-18 14:20:30 +00:00
|
|
|
|
|
2015-06-19 02:58:39 +00:00
|
|
|
|
* 如果使用显式或隐式的 this(例如 this.foo, 或者 foo)访问类的在编译时定义的属性,
|
|
|
|
|
Groovy会直接访问对应字段,而不是使用getter或者setter
|
2015-06-18 14:20:30 +00:00
|
|
|
|
|
2015-06-19 02:58:39 +00:00
|
|
|
|
* 如果使用显式或隐式的 foo 访问一个不存在的属性,Groovy会通过元类(meta class)
|
|
|
|
|
访问它,这可能导致运行时错误。
|
2015-06-18 14:20:30 +00:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
*/
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
class Foo {
|
2015-06-19 02:58:39 +00:00
|
|
|
|
// 只读属性
|
2015-06-18 14:20:30 +00:00
|
|
|
|
final String name = "Roberto"
|
|
|
|
|
|
2015-06-19 02:58:39 +00:00
|
|
|
|
// 只读属性,有public getter和protected setter
|
2015-06-18 14:20:30 +00:00
|
|
|
|
String language
|
|
|
|
|
protected void setLanguage(String language) { this.language = language }
|
|
|
|
|
|
2015-06-19 02:58:39 +00:00
|
|
|
|
// 动态类型属性
|
2015-06-18 14:20:30 +00:00
|
|
|
|
def lastName
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
/*
|
2015-06-19 02:58:39 +00:00
|
|
|
|
逻辑分支和循环
|
2015-06-18 14:20:30 +00:00
|
|
|
|
*/
|
|
|
|
|
|
2015-06-19 02:58:39 +00:00
|
|
|
|
//Groovy支持常见的if - else语法
|
2015-06-18 14:20:30 +00:00
|
|
|
|
def x = 3
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
if(x==1) {
|
|
|
|
|
println "One"
|
|
|
|
|
} else if(x==2) {
|
|
|
|
|
println "Two"
|
|
|
|
|
} else {
|
|
|
|
|
println "X greater than Two"
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
|
2015-06-19 02:58:39 +00:00
|
|
|
|
//Groovy也支持三元运算符
|
2015-06-18 14:20:30 +00:00
|
|
|
|
def y = 10
|
|
|
|
|
def x = (y > 1) ? "worked" : "failed"
|
|
|
|
|
assert x == "worked"
|
|
|
|
|
|
2015-06-19 02:58:39 +00:00
|
|
|
|
//for循环
|
|
|
|
|
//使用区间(range)遍历
|
2015-06-18 14:20:30 +00:00
|
|
|
|
def x = 0
|
|
|
|
|
for (i in 0 .. 30) {
|
|
|
|
|
x += i
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
|
2015-06-19 02:58:39 +00:00
|
|
|
|
//遍历列表
|
2015-06-18 14:20:30 +00:00
|
|
|
|
x = 0
|
|
|
|
|
for( i in [5,3,2,1] ) {
|
|
|
|
|
x += i
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
|
2015-06-19 02:58:39 +00:00
|
|
|
|
//遍历数组
|
2015-06-18 14:20:30 +00:00
|
|
|
|
array = (0..20).toArray()
|
|
|
|
|
x = 0
|
|
|
|
|
for (i in array) {
|
|
|
|
|
x += i
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
|
2015-06-19 02:58:39 +00:00
|
|
|
|
//遍历map
|
2015-06-18 14:20:30 +00:00
|
|
|
|
def map = ['name':'Roberto', 'framework':'Grails', 'language':'Groovy']
|
|
|
|
|
x = 0
|
|
|
|
|
for ( e in map ) {
|
|
|
|
|
x += e.value
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
/*
|
2015-06-19 02:58:39 +00:00
|
|
|
|
运算符
|
2015-06-18 14:20:30 +00:00
|
|
|
|
|
2015-06-19 02:58:39 +00:00
|
|
|
|
Groovy中下列运算符支持重载:
|
2015-06-18 14:20:30 +00:00
|
|
|
|
http://www.groovy-lang.org/operators.html#Operator-Overloading
|
|
|
|
|
|
2015-06-19 02:58:39 +00:00
|
|
|
|
实用的groovy运算符
|
2015-06-18 14:20:30 +00:00
|
|
|
|
*/
|
2015-06-19 02:58:39 +00:00
|
|
|
|
//展开(spread)运算符:对聚合对象的所有元素施加操作
|
2015-06-18 14:20:30 +00:00
|
|
|
|
def technologies = ['Groovy','Grails','Gradle']
|
2015-06-19 02:58:39 +00:00
|
|
|
|
technologies*.toUpperCase() // 相当于 technologies.collect { it?.toUpperCase() }
|
2015-06-18 14:20:30 +00:00
|
|
|
|
|
2015-06-19 02:58:39 +00:00
|
|
|
|
//安全导航(safe navigation)运算符:用来避免NullPointerException
|
2015-06-18 14:20:30 +00:00
|
|
|
|
def user = User.get(1)
|
|
|
|
|
def username = user?.username
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
/*
|
2015-06-19 02:58:39 +00:00
|
|
|
|
闭包
|
|
|
|
|
Groovy闭包好比代码块或者方法指针,它是一段定义稍后执行的代码。
|
2015-06-18 14:20:30 +00:00
|
|
|
|
|
2015-06-19 02:58:39 +00:00
|
|
|
|
更多信息见:http://www.groovy-lang.org/closures.html
|
2015-06-18 14:20:30 +00:00
|
|
|
|
*/
|
2015-06-19 02:58:39 +00:00
|
|
|
|
//例子:
|
2015-06-18 14:20:30 +00:00
|
|
|
|
def clos = { println "Hello World!" }
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
println "Executing the Closure:"
|
|
|
|
|
clos()
|
|
|
|
|
|
2015-06-19 02:58:39 +00:00
|
|
|
|
//传参数给闭包
|
2015-06-18 14:20:30 +00:00
|
|
|
|
def sum = { a, b -> println a+b }
|
|
|
|
|
sum(2,4)
|
|
|
|
|
|
2015-06-19 02:58:39 +00:00
|
|
|
|
//闭包可以引用参数列表以外的变量
|
2015-06-18 14:20:30 +00:00
|
|
|
|
def x = 5
|
|
|
|
|
def multiplyBy = { num -> num * x }
|
|
|
|
|
println multiplyBy(10)
|
|
|
|
|
|
2015-06-19 02:58:39 +00:00
|
|
|
|
// 只有一个参数的闭包可以省略参数的定义
|
2015-06-18 14:20:30 +00:00
|
|
|
|
def clos = { print it }
|
|
|
|
|
clos( "hi" )
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
/*
|
2015-06-19 02:58:39 +00:00
|
|
|
|
Groovy可以记忆闭包结果 [1][2][3]
|
2015-06-18 14:20:30 +00:00
|
|
|
|
*/
|
|
|
|
|
def cl = {a, b ->
|
2015-06-19 02:58:39 +00:00
|
|
|
|
sleep(3000) // 模拟费时操作
|
2015-06-18 14:20:30 +00:00
|
|
|
|
a + b
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
mem = cl.memoize()
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
def callClosure(a, b) {
|
|
|
|
|
def start = System.currentTimeMillis()
|
|
|
|
|
mem(a, b)
|
|
|
|
|
println "Inputs(a = $a, b = $b) - took ${System.currentTimeMillis() - start} msecs."
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
callClosure(1, 2)
|
|
|
|
|
callClosure(1, 2)
|
|
|
|
|
callClosure(2, 3)
|
|
|
|
|
callClosure(2, 3)
|
|
|
|
|
callClosure(3, 4)
|
|
|
|
|
callClosure(3, 4)
|
|
|
|
|
callClosure(1, 2)
|
|
|
|
|
callClosure(2, 3)
|
|
|
|
|
callClosure(3, 4)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
/*
|
|
|
|
|
Expando
|
|
|
|
|
|
2015-06-19 02:58:39 +00:00
|
|
|
|
Expando类是一种动态bean类,可以给它的实例添加属性和添加闭包作为方法
|
2015-06-18 14:20:30 +00:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
http://mrhaki.blogspot.mx/2009/10/groovy-goodness-expando-as-dynamic-bean.html
|
|
|
|
|
*/
|
|
|
|
|
def user = new Expando(name:"Roberto")
|
|
|
|
|
assert 'Roberto' == user.name
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
user.lastName = 'Pérez'
|
|
|
|
|
assert 'Pérez' == user.lastName
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
user.showInfo = { out ->
|
|
|
|
|
out << "Name: $name"
|
|
|
|
|
out << ", Last name: $lastName"
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
def sw = new StringWriter()
|
|
|
|
|
println user.showInfo(sw)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
/*
|
2015-06-19 02:58:39 +00:00
|
|
|
|
元编程(MOP)
|
2015-06-18 14:20:30 +00:00
|
|
|
|
*/
|
|
|
|
|
|
2015-06-19 02:58:39 +00:00
|
|
|
|
//使用ExpandoMetaClass增加行为
|
2015-06-18 14:20:30 +00:00
|
|
|
|
String.metaClass.testAdd = {
|
|
|
|
|
println "we added this"
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
String x = "test"
|
|
|
|
|
x?.testAdd()
|
|
|
|
|
|
2015-06-19 02:58:39 +00:00
|
|
|
|
//方法调用注入
|
2015-06-18 14:20:30 +00:00
|
|
|
|
class Test implements GroovyInterceptable {
|
|
|
|
|
def sum(Integer x, Integer y) { x + y }
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
def invokeMethod(String name, args) {
|
|
|
|
|
System.out.println "Invoke method $name with args: $args"
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
def test = new Test()
|
|
|
|
|
test?.sum(2,3)
|
|
|
|
|
test?.multiply(2,3)
|
|
|
|
|
|
2015-06-19 02:58:39 +00:00
|
|
|
|
//Groovy支持propertyMissing,来处理属性解析尝试
|
2015-06-18 14:20:30 +00:00
|
|
|
|
class Foo {
|
|
|
|
|
def propertyMissing(String name) { name }
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
def f = new Foo()
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
assertEquals "boo", f.boo
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
/*
|
2015-06-19 02:58:39 +00:00
|
|
|
|
类型检查和静态编译
|
|
|
|
|
Groovy天生是并将永远是一门静态语言,但也支持类型检查和静态编译
|
2015-06-18 14:20:30 +00:00
|
|
|
|
|
2015-06-19 02:58:39 +00:00
|
|
|
|
更多: http://www.infoq.com/articles/new-groovy-20
|
2015-06-18 14:20:30 +00:00
|
|
|
|
*/
|
2015-06-19 02:58:39 +00:00
|
|
|
|
//类型检查
|
2015-06-18 14:20:30 +00:00
|
|
|
|
import groovy.transform.TypeChecked
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
void testMethod() {}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
@TypeChecked
|
|
|
|
|
void test() {
|
|
|
|
|
testMeethod()
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
def name = "Roberto"
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
println naameee
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
|
2015-06-19 02:58:39 +00:00
|
|
|
|
//另一例子
|
2015-06-18 14:20:30 +00:00
|
|
|
|
import groovy.transform.TypeChecked
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
@TypeChecked
|
|
|
|
|
Integer test() {
|
|
|
|
|
Integer num = "1"
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Integer[] numbers = [1,2,3,4]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Date date = numbers[1]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
return "Test"
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
|
2015-06-19 02:58:39 +00:00
|
|
|
|
//静态编译例子
|
2015-06-18 14:20:30 +00:00
|
|
|
|
import groovy.transform.CompileStatic
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
@CompileStatic
|
|
|
|
|
int sum(int x, int y) {
|
|
|
|
|
x + y
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
assert sum(2,5) == 7
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
|
2015-06-19 02:58:39 +00:00
|
|
|
|
## 进阶资源
|
2015-06-18 14:20:30 +00:00
|
|
|
|
|
2015-06-19 02:58:39 +00:00
|
|
|
|
[Groovy文档](http://www.groovy-lang.org/documentation.html)
|
2015-06-18 14:20:30 +00:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
[Groovy web console](http://groovyconsole.appspot.com/)
|
|
|
|
|
|
2015-06-19 02:58:39 +00:00
|
|
|
|
加入[Groovy用户组](http://www.groovy-lang.org/usergroups.html)
|
2015-06-18 14:20:30 +00:00
|
|
|
|
|
2015-06-19 02:58:39 +00:00
|
|
|
|
## 图书
|
2015-06-18 14:20:30 +00:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
* [Groovy Goodness] (https://leanpub.com/groovy-goodness-notebook)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
* [Groovy in Action] (http://manning.com/koenig2/)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
* [Programming Groovy 2: Dynamic Productivity for the Java Developer] (http://shop.oreilly.com/product/9781937785307.do)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
[1] http://roshandawrani.wordpress.com/2010/10/18/groovy-new-feature-closures-can-now-memorize-their-results/
|
|
|
|
|
[2] http://www.solutionsiq.com/resources/agileiq-blog/bid/72880/Programming-with-Groovy-Trampoline-and-Memoize
|
|
|
|
|
[3] http://mrhaki.blogspot.mx/2011/05/groovy-goodness-cache-closure-results.html
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|