mirror of
https://github.com/adambard/learnxinyminutes-docs.git
synced 2024-12-23 09:41:36 +00:00
refactor operator overloading example; reorder code
Refactored the operator overloading example, fixed some grammar mistakes, reordered parts of the code to make it easier to read and some other minor fixes.
This commit is contained in:
parent
f801ff3fe0
commit
25a08b5931
@ -346,11 +346,6 @@ fun helloWorld(val name : String) {
|
||||
return this.filter {it != c}
|
||||
}
|
||||
println("Hello, world!".remove('l')) // => Heo, word!
|
||||
|
||||
println(EnumExample.A) // => A
|
||||
println(ObjectExample.hello()) // => hello
|
||||
|
||||
testOperator()
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
// Enum classes are similar to Java enum types.
|
||||
@ -358,6 +353,8 @@ enum class EnumExample {
|
||||
A, B, C
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
fun printEnum() = println(EnumExample.A) // => A
|
||||
|
||||
/*
|
||||
The "object" keyword can be used to create singleton objects.
|
||||
We cannot instantiate it but we can refer to its unique instance by its name.
|
||||
@ -367,11 +364,18 @@ object ObjectExample {
|
||||
fun hello(): String {
|
||||
return "hello"
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
override fun toString(): String {
|
||||
return "Hello, it's me, ${ObjectExample::class.simpleName}"
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
fun useObject() {
|
||||
ObjectExample.hello()
|
||||
val someRef: Any = ObjectExample // we use objects name just as is
|
||||
|
||||
fun useSingletonObject() {
|
||||
println(ObjectExample.hello()) // => hello
|
||||
// In Kotlin, "Any" is the root of the class hierarchy, just like "Object" is in Java
|
||||
val someRef: Any = ObjectExample
|
||||
println(someRef) // => Hello, it's me, ObjectExample
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
@ -381,69 +385,54 @@ throws an exception if the value is null.
|
||||
var b: String? = "abc"
|
||||
val l = b!!.length
|
||||
|
||||
/* You can add many custom operations using symbol like +, to particular instance
|
||||
by overloading the built-in kotlin operator, using "operator" keyword
|
||||
data class Counter(var value: Int) {
|
||||
// overload Counter += Int
|
||||
operator fun plusAssign(increment: Int) {
|
||||
this.value += increment
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
below is the sample class to add some operator, and the most basic example
|
||||
*/
|
||||
data class SomeClass(var savedValue: Int = 0)
|
||||
// overload Counter++ and ++Counter
|
||||
operator fun inc() = Counter(value + 1)
|
||||
|
||||
// overload Counter + Counter
|
||||
operator fun plus(other: Counter) = Counter(this.value + other.value)
|
||||
|
||||
// overload Counter * Counter
|
||||
operator fun times(other: Counter) = Counter(this.value * other.value)
|
||||
|
||||
// overload Counter * Int
|
||||
operator fun times(value: Int) = Counter(this.value * value)
|
||||
|
||||
// overload Counter in Counter
|
||||
operator fun contains(other: Counter) = other.value == this.value
|
||||
|
||||
// overload Counter[Int] = Int
|
||||
operator fun set(index: Int, value: Int) {
|
||||
this.value = index + value
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
// overload Counter instance invocation
|
||||
operator fun invoke() = println("The value of the counter is $value")
|
||||
|
||||
// instance += valueToAdd
|
||||
operator fun SomeClass.plusAssign(valueToAdd: Int) {
|
||||
this.savedValue += valueToAdd
|
||||
}
|
||||
/* You can also overload operators through an extension methods */
|
||||
// overload -Counter
|
||||
operator fun Counter.unaryMinus() = Counter(-this.value)
|
||||
|
||||
// -instance
|
||||
operator fun SomeClass.unaryMinus() = SomeClass(-this.savedValue)
|
||||
|
||||
// ++instance or instance++
|
||||
operator fun SomeClass.inc() = SomeClass(this.savedValue + 1)
|
||||
|
||||
// instance * other
|
||||
operator fun SomeClass.times(other: SomeClass) =
|
||||
SomeClass(this.savedValue * other.savedValue)
|
||||
|
||||
// an overload for multiply
|
||||
operator fun SomeClass.times(value: Int) = SomeClass(this.savedValue * value)
|
||||
|
||||
// other in instance
|
||||
operator fun SomeClass.contains(other: SomeClass) =
|
||||
other.savedValue == this.savedValue
|
||||
|
||||
// instance[dummyIndex] = valueToSet
|
||||
operator fun SomeClass.set(dummyIndex: Int, valueToSet: Int) {
|
||||
this.savedValue = valueToSet + dummyIndex
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
// instance()
|
||||
operator fun SomeClass.invoke() {
|
||||
println("instance invoked by invoker")
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
/* return type must be Integer,
|
||||
so that, it can be translated to "returned value" compareTo 0
|
||||
|
||||
for equality (==,!=) using operator will violates overloading equals function,
|
||||
since it is already defined in Any class
|
||||
*/
|
||||
operator fun SomeClass.compareTo(other: SomeClass) =
|
||||
this.savedValue - other.savedValue
|
||||
|
||||
fun testOperator() {
|
||||
var x = SomeClass(4)
|
||||
|
||||
println(x) // => "SomeClass(savedValue=4)"
|
||||
x += 10
|
||||
println(x) // => "SomeClass(savedValue=14)"
|
||||
println(-x) // => "SomeClass(savedValue=-14)"
|
||||
println(++x) // => "SomeClass(savedValue=15)"
|
||||
println(x * SomeClass(3)) // => "SomeClass(savedValue=45)"
|
||||
println(x * 2) // => "SomeClass(savedValue=30)"
|
||||
println(SomeClass(15) in x) // => true
|
||||
x[2] = 10
|
||||
println(x) // => "SomeClass(savedValue=12)"
|
||||
x() // => "instance invoked by invoker"
|
||||
println(x >= 15) // => false
|
||||
fun operatorOverloadingDemo() {
|
||||
var counter1 = Counter(0)
|
||||
var counter2 = Counter(5)
|
||||
counter1 += 7
|
||||
println(counter1) // => Counter(value=7)
|
||||
println(counter1 + counter2) // => Counter(value=12)
|
||||
println(counter1 * counter2) // => Counter(value=35)
|
||||
println(counter2 * 2) // => Counter(value=10)
|
||||
println(counter1 in Counter(5)) // => false
|
||||
println(counter1 in Counter(7)) // => true
|
||||
counter1[26] = 10
|
||||
println(counter1) // => Counter(value=36)
|
||||
counter1() // => The value of the counter is 36
|
||||
println(-counter2) // => Counter(value=-5)
|
||||
}
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
|
Loading…
Reference in New Issue
Block a user