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Adjusting formatting
carriage returns and some spelling
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@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ organizations.
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*and modern (COBOL-2002 and COBOL-2014) versions.
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*Legacy versions require columns 1-6 to be blank (they are used
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*to store the index number of the punched card..)
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*A * in column 7 means a comment.
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*A '*' in column 7 means a comment.
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*In legacy COBOL, a comment can only be a full line.
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*Modern COBOL doesn't require fixed columns and uses *> for
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*a comment, which can appear in the middle of a line.
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@ -44,8 +44,9 @@ organizations.
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*Let's declare some variables.
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*We do this in the WORKING-STORAGE section within the DATA DIVISION.
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*Each data item (aka variable) with start with a level number, then the name of the item,
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*followed by a picture clause describing the type of data that the variable will contain.
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*Each data item (aka variable) with start with a level number,
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*then the name of the item, followed by a picture clause
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*describing the type of data that the variable will contain.
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*Almost every COBOL programmer will abbreviate PICTURE as PIC.
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*A is for alphabetic, X is for alphanumeric, and 9 is for numeric.
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@ -93,8 +94,10 @@ organizations.
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*********PERFORM********************
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*The PERFORM keyword allows you to jump to another specified section of the code, and then to return to the next executable
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*statement once the specified section of code is completed. You must write the full word, PERFORM, you cannot abbreviate it.
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*The PERFORM keyword allows you to jump to another specified section of the code,
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*and then to return to the next executable
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*statement once the specified section of code is completed.
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*You must write the full word, PERFORM, you cannot abbreviate it.
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IDENTIFICATION DIVISION.
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PROGRAM-ID. HELLOCOBOL.
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@ -102,8 +105,9 @@ organizations.
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PROCEDURE DIVISION.
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FIRST-PARA.
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DISPLAY 'THIS IS IN FIRST-PARA'.
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PERFORM THIRD-PARA THRU FOURTH-PARA. *>skip over second-para and perfrom third and fourth
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*> then after performing third and fourth, return here and continue the program until STOP RUN.
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PERFORM THIRD-PARA THRU FOURTH-PARA. *>skip over second-para and perfrom 3rd & 4th
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*> then after performing third and fourth,
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*> return here and continue the program until STOP RUN.
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SECOND-PARA.
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DISPLAY 'THIS IS IN SECOND-PARA'.
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@ -127,7 +131,10 @@ organizations.
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*Now it is time to learn about two related COBOL verbs: string and unstring.
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*The string verb is used to concatenate, or put together, two or more stings. Unstring is used, not surprisingly, to separate a *string into two or more smaller strings. It is important that you remember to use ‘delimited by’ when you
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*The string verb is used to concatenate, or put together, two or more stings.
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*Unstring is used, not surprisingly, to separate a
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*string into two or more smaller strings.
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*It is important that you remember to use ‘delimited by’ when you
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*are using string or unstring in your program.
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IDENTIFICATION DIVISION.
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@ -149,19 +156,23 @@ organizations.
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*The above code will output:
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THE FULL NAME IS: BOB COBB
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*Let’s examine it to see why.
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*First, we declared all of our variables, including the one that we are creating by the string command, in the DATA DIVISISION.
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*First, we declared all of our variables, including the one that we are creating
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*by the string command, in the DATA DIVISION.
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*The action takes place down in the PROCEDURE DIVISION. We start with the STRING keyword and end with END-STRING. In between we *list what we want to combine together into the larger, master variable.
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*The action takes place down in the PROCEDURE DIVISION.
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*We start with the STRING keyword and end with END-STRING. In between we
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*list what we want to combine together into the larger, master variable.
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*Here, we are combining FIRST-NAME, a space, and LAST-NAME.
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*The DELIMITED BY phrase that follows FIRST-NAME and LAST-NAME tells the program how much of each variable we want to capture.
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*DELIMITED BY SPACE tells the program to start at the beginning, and capture the variable until it runs into a space.
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*The DELIMITED BY phrase that follows FIRST-NAME and
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*LAST-NAME tells the program how much of each variable we want to capture.
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*DELIMITED BY SPACE tells the program to start at the beginning,
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*and capture the variable until it runs into a space.
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*DELIMITED BY SIZE tells the program to capture the full size of the variable.
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*Since we have DELIMITED BY SPACE after FIRST-NAME, the GIBBERISH part is ignored.
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