From 43c180d954eb9ae25c7a4d5d86dc1a4edf4c123c Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Zirak Date: Fri, 16 Oct 2015 22:24:28 +0000 Subject: [PATCH] Update hy.html.markdown Added some more recent hy changes (class syntax, `cut` instead of slice), as well as some missing operators (`->` and `->>`) and function declarations (using `&rest` and `&kwargs` along with `apply`). Also changed the code block syntax to hy since github recognises it. --- hy.html.markdown | 42 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++-- 1 file changed, 40 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-) diff --git a/hy.html.markdown b/hy.html.markdown index 9beaff0c..039312db 100644 --- a/hy.html.markdown +++ b/hy.html.markdown @@ -3,15 +3,16 @@ language: hy filename: learnhy.hy contributors: - ["Abhishek L", "http://twitter.com/abhishekl"] + - ["Zirak", "http://zirak.me"] --- Hy is a lisp dialect built on top of python. This is achieved by converting hy code to python's abstract syntax tree (ast). This allows hy to call native python code or python to call native hy code as well -This tutorial works for hy ≥ 0.9.12 +This tutorial works for hy ≥ 0.9.12, with some corrections for hy 0.11. -```clojure +```hy ;; this gives an gentle introduction to hy for a quick trial head to ;; http://try-hy.appspot.com ;; @@ -89,6 +90,17 @@ True ; => True (foolists 3) ;=> [3 2] (foolists 10 3) ;=> [10 3] +; you can use rest arguments and kwargs too: +(defn something-fancy [wow &rest descriptions &kwargs props] + (print "Look at" wow) + (print "It's" descriptions) + (print "And it also has:" props)) + +(something-fancy "My horse" "amazing" :mane "spectacular") + +; you use apply instead of the splat operators: +(apply something-fancy ["My horse" "amazing"] { "mane" "spectacular" }) + ; anonymous functions are created using `fn' or `lambda' constructs ; which are similiar to `defn' (map (fn [x] (* x x)) [1 2 3 4]) ;=> [1 4 9 16] @@ -102,6 +114,8 @@ True ; => True ; slice lists using slice (slice mylist 1 3) ;=> [2 3] +; or, in hy 0.11, use cut instead: +(cut mylist 1 3) ;=> [2 3] ; get elements from a list or dict using `get' (get mylist 1) ;=> 2 @@ -122,6 +136,22 @@ True ; => True ; a.foo(arg) is called as (.foo a arg) (.split (.strip "hello world ")) ;=> ["hello" "world"] +; there is a shortcut for executing multiple functions on a value called the +; "threading macro", denoted by an arrow: +(-> "hello world " (.strip) (.split)) ;=> ["hello" "world] +; the arrow passes the value along the calls as the first argument, for instance: +(-> 4 (* 3) (+ 2)) +; is the same as: +(+ (* 4 3) 2) + +; there is also a "threading tail macro", which instead passes the value as the +; second argument. compare: +(-> 4 (- 2) (+ 1)) ;=> 3 +(+ (- 4 2) 1) ;=> 3 +; to: +(->> 4 (- 2) (+ 1)) ;=> -1 +(+ 1 (- 2 4)) ;=> -1 + ;; Conditionals ; (if condition (body-if-true) (body-if-false) (if (= passcode "moria") @@ -160,6 +190,14 @@ True ; => True [get-spell (fn [self] self.spell)]]) +; or, in hy 0.11: +(defclass Wizard [object] + (defn --init-- [self spell] + (setv self.spell spell)) + + (defn get-spell [self] + self.spell)) + ;; do checkout hylang.org ```