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Geoff Liu 2015-05-05 00:45:14 -06:00
parent 05c2617aaf
commit 6c635d1c3e
1 changed files with 31 additions and 8 deletions
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@ -497,8 +497,10 @@ void printMessage() {
cout << "Learn C++ in " << Y << " minutes!" << endl;
}
// And you can explicitly specialize templates for more efficient code (most
// real-world uses of specialization are not as trivial as this):
// And you can explicitly specialize templates for more efficient code. Of
// course, most real-world uses of specialization are not as trivial as this.
// Note that you still need to declare the function (or class) as a template
// even if you explicitly specified all parameters.
template<>
void printMessage<10>() {
cout << "Learn C++ faster in only 10 minutes!" << endl;
@ -667,7 +669,9 @@ void doSomethingWithAFile(const std::string& filename)
// Fun stuff
/////////////////////
// Aspects of C++ that may be surprising to newcomers (and even some veterans):
// Aspects of C++ that may be surprising to newcomers (and even some veterans).
// This section is, unfortunately, wildly incomplete; C++ is one of the easiest
// languages with which to shoot yourself in the foot.
// You can override private methods!
class Foo {
@ -677,16 +681,35 @@ class FooSub : public Foo {
virtual void bar(); // overrides Foo::bar!
};
// 0, false, NULL are all the same thing!
// 0 == false == NULL (most of the time)!
bool* pt = new bool;
*pt = 0; // Sets the value points by 'pt' to false.
pt = 0; // Sets 'pt' to the null pointer. Yes both lines compile without warning.
pt = 0; // Sets 'pt' to the null pointer. Both lines compile without warnings.
// '=' != '='
Foo f1 = f2; // Calls Foo::Foo(const Foo&) or some variant copy constructor.
// nullptr is supposed to fix some of that issue:
int* pt2 = new int;
*pt2 = nullptr; // Doesn't compile
pt2 = nullptr; // Sets pt2 to null.
// But somehow 'bool' type is an exception.
*pt = nullptr; // This still compiles, even though '*pt' is a bool!
// '=' != '=' != '='!
// Calls Foo::Foo(const Foo&) or some variant copy constructor.
Foo f2;
Foo f1 = f2;
// Calls Foo::Foo(const Foo&) or variant, but only copies the 'Foo' part of
// 'fooSub'. Any extra members of 'fooSub' are discarded. This lovely behavior
// is called "object slicing."
FooSub fooSub;
Foo f1 = fooSub;
// Calls Foo::operator=(Foo&) or variant.
Foo f1;
f1 = f2; // Calls Foo::operator=(Foo&) or variant.
f1 = f2;
```
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