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misc reformat, and some small details

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Justin Donaldson 2013-08-19 21:54:38 -07:00
parent c39c3680cf
commit 78133a784f
1 changed files with 61 additions and 37 deletions
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98
haxe.html.markdown
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@ -12,22 +12,29 @@ may be applicable to older versions, but it is recommended to use other
references.
```haxe
// Welcome to Learn Haxe 3 in 15 minutes. http://www.haxe.org
// This is an executable tutorial. You can compile and run it using the haxe
// compiler, while in the same directory as LearnHaxe.hx:
// haxe -main LearnHaxe3 -x out
/*
Welcome to Learn Haxe 3 in 15 minutes. http://www.haxe.org
This is an executable tutorial. You can compile and run it using the haxe
compiler, while in the same directory as LearnHaxe.hx:
haxe -main LearnHaxe3 -x out
*/
// Let's start with comments... this is a single line comment
/*
And this is multiline
*/
And this is multiline. Multiline comments are also used to generate
javadoc-style documentation for haxedoc. They will be used if they precede
a class, class function, or class variable.
*/
// A package declaration isn't necessary, but it's useful if you want to
// organize your code into modules later on. Also worth mentioning, all
// expressions in Haxe must end in a semicolon:
/*
A package declaration isn't necessary, but it's useful if you want to
organize your code into modules later on. Also worth mentioning, all
expressions in Haxe must end in a semicolon:
*/
package; // empty package, no namespace.
// if you import code from other files, it must be declared before the rest of
// the code.
import haxe.ds.ArraySort;
@ -66,12 +73,14 @@ class LearnHaxe3{
/*
Trace can handle any type of value or object. It will try to print
a representation of the expression as best it can:
a representation of the expression as best it can. You can also
concatenate strings with the "+" operator:
*/
trace(
" Integer: " + 10 +
" Float: " + 3.14 +
" Boolean: " + true);
" Boolean: " + true
);
/*
@ -113,9 +122,9 @@ class LearnHaxe3{
var hex_integer = 0xffffff;
/*
Haxe uses platform precision for Int and Float sizes. It also
uses the platform behavior for overflow.
(Other numeric types and behavior are possible using special
Haxe uses platform precision for Int and Float sizes. It also
uses the platform behavior for overflow.
(Other numeric types and behavior are possible using special
libraries)
*/
@ -125,9 +134,12 @@ class LearnHaxe3{
structures like strings, arrays, lists, and maps:
*/
var a_string = "some_string"; // strings can have double or single quotes
var a_string = "some" + 'string'; // strings can have double or single quotes
trace(a_string + " is the value for a_string");
var x = 1;
var an_interpolated_string = 'the value of x is $x';
/*
Strings are immutable, instance methods will return a copy of
parts or all of the string.
@ -280,11 +292,13 @@ class LearnHaxe3{
// while also creating filters and modifications.
var filtered_n = [for (val in n) if (val != "foo") val];
trace(filtered_n + " is the value for filtered_n");
var modified_n = [for (val in n) val += '!'];
trace(modified_n + " is the value for modified_n");
var filtered_and_modified_n = [for (val in n) if (val != "foo") val += "!"];
trace(filtered_and_modified_n + " is the value for filtered_and_modified_n");
//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// Switch Statements (Value Type)
//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
@ -310,41 +324,41 @@ class LearnHaxe3{
trace("My dog's name is" + my_dog_name
+ ", and his favorite thing is a: "
+ favorite_thing);
//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// Expression Statements
//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
trace("***EXPRESSION STATEMENTS***");
/*
Haxe control statements are very powerful because every statement
is also an expression, consider:
*/
// if statements
var k = if (true){
10;
} else {
20;
}
trace("K equals ", k); // outputs 10
var other_favorite_thing = switch(my_dog_name) {
case "fido" : 'teddy';
case "rex" : 'stick';
case "spot" : 'football';
case _ : 'some unknown treat';
case _ : 'some unknown treat';
}
trace("My dog's name is" + my_dog_name
+ ", and his other favorite thing is a: "
+ other_favorite_thing);
//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// Converting Value Types
//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// You can convert strings to ints fairly easily.
// string to integer
@ -359,26 +373,31 @@ class LearnHaxe3{
// See documentation for parsing in Std for more details.
//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// Basic Object Oriented Design
// Basic Object Oriented Programming
//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
trace("***BASIC OBJECT ORIENTED DESIGN***");
trace("***BASIC OBJECT ORIENTED PROGRAMMING***");
// create an instance of FooClass. The classes for this are at the
// end of the file.
var instance = new FooClass(3);
// read the public variable normally
trace(instance.public_any + " is the value for instance.public_any");
// we can read this variable
trace(instance.public_read + " is the value for instance.public_read");
// but not write it, this will throw an error if uncommented:
//trace(instance.public_write + " is the value for instance.public_write");
// trace(instance.public_write); // vice-versa for public write, etc.
// but not write it
// instance.public_write = 4; // this will throw an error if uncommented:
// trace(instance.public_write); // as will this.
trace(instance + " is the value for instance"); // calls the toString method
trace(instance.toString() + " is the value for instance.toString()"); // same thing
// we can successfully pass the FooInstance to the BaseFooClass method,
// since it was extended from that.
// instance has the "FooClass" type, while acceptBaseFoo has the
// BaseFooClass type. However, since FooClass extends BaseFooClass,
// it is accepted.
BaseFooClass.acceptBaseFoo(instance);
}
@ -389,12 +408,12 @@ class LearnHaxe3{
*/
class FooClass extends BaseFooClass implements BaseFooInterface{
public var public_any:Int; // public variables are accessible anywhere
public var public_read (default,null): Int; // use this style to only enable public read
public var public_read (default,null): Int; // use this style to only enable public read
public var public_write (null, default): Int; // or public write
public var property (get, set): Int; // use this style to enable getters/setters
// private variables are not available outside the class.
// see @:allow for ways around this.
// see @:allow for ways around this.
var _private:Int; // variables are private if they are not marked public
// a public constructor
@ -416,13 +435,13 @@ class FooClass extends BaseFooClass implements BaseFooInterface{
_private = val;
return val;
}
// special function that is called whenever an instance is cast to a string.
public function toString(){
return _private + " with toString() method!";
}
// this class needs to have this function defined, since it implements
// this class needs to have this function defined, since it implements
// the BaseFooInterface interface.
public function baseFunction(x: Int) : String{
// convert the int to string automatically
@ -430,6 +449,9 @@ class FooClass extends BaseFooClass implements BaseFooInterface{
}
}
/*
A simple class to extend
*/
class BaseFooClass {
var base_variable:Int;
public function new(){
@ -437,9 +459,11 @@ class BaseFooClass {
}
public static function acceptBaseFoo(b:BaseFooClass){
}
}
/*
A simple interface to implement
*/
interface BaseFooInterface{
public function baseFunction(x:Int):String;
}