From 8b7a2fff9a71b8fa8754947434b8b1f184ed2de1 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Etan Reisner Date: Wed, 29 Apr 2015 22:11:20 -0400 Subject: [PATCH] Don't use ALL_CAPS variable names. ALL_CAPS variable names are traditionally "reserved" for use by the shell/system. (People often try to use PATH for things locally and then wonder why their commands all stop working for example. --- bash.html.markdown | 58 +++++++++++++++++++++++----------------------- 1 file changed, 29 insertions(+), 29 deletions(-) diff --git a/bash.html.markdown b/bash.html.markdown index 4c50c653..937d2c96 100644 --- a/bash.html.markdown +++ b/bash.html.markdown @@ -32,40 +32,40 @@ echo Hello world! echo 'This is the first line'; echo 'This is the second line' # Declaring a variable looks like this: -VARIABLE="Some string" +Variable="Some string" # But not like this: -VARIABLE = "Some string" -# Bash will decide that VARIABLE is a command it must execute and give an error +Variable = "Some string" +# Bash will decide that Variable is a command it must execute and give an error # because it can't be found. # Or like this: -VARIABLE= 'Some string' +Variable= 'Some string' # Bash will decide that 'Some string' is a command it must execute and give an -# error because it can't be found. (In this case the 'VARIABLE=' part is seen +# error because it can't be found. (In this case the 'Variable=' part is seen # as a variable assignment valid only for the scope of the 'Some string' # command.) # Using the variable: -echo $VARIABLE -echo "$VARIABLE" -echo '$VARIABLE' +echo $Variable +echo "$Variable" +echo '$Variable' # When you use the variable itself — assign it, export it, or else — you write # its name without $. If you want to use variable's value, you should use $. # Note that ' (single quote) won't expand the variables! # String substitution in variables -echo ${VARIABLE/Some/A} +echo ${Variable/Some/A} # This will substitute the first occurance of "Some" with "A" # Substring from a variable -LENGTH=7 -echo ${VARIABLE:0:LENGTH} +Length=7 +echo ${Variable:0:Length} # This will return only the first 7 characters of the value # Default value for variable -echo ${FOO:-"DefaultValueIfFOOIsMissingOrEmpty"} -# This works for null (FOO=) and empty string (FOO=""); zero (FOO=0) returns 0. +echo ${Foo:-"DefaultValueIfFooIsMissingOrEmpty"} +# This works for null (Foo=) and empty string (Foo=""); zero (Foo=0) returns 0. # Note that it only returns default value and doesn't change variable value. # Builtin variables: @@ -78,12 +78,12 @@ echo "Scripts arguments seperated in different variables: $1 $2..." # Reading a value from input: echo "What's your name?" -read NAME # Note that we didn't need to declare a new variable -echo Hello, $NAME! +read Name # Note that we didn't need to declare a new variable +echo Hello, $Name! # We have the usual if structure: # use 'man test' for more info about conditionals -if [ $NAME -ne $USER ] +if [ $Name -ne $USER ] then echo "Your name isn't your username" else @@ -95,14 +95,14 @@ echo "Always executed" || echo "Only executed if first command fails" echo "Always executed" && echo "Only executed if first command does NOT fail" # To use && and || with if statements, you need multiple pairs of square brackets: -if [ $NAME == "Steve" ] && [ $AGE -eq 15 ] +if [ $Name == "Steve" ] && [ $Age -eq 15 ] then - echo "This will run if $NAME is Steve AND $AGE is 15." + echo "This will run if $Name is Steve AND $Age is 15." fi -if [ $NAME == "Daniya" ] || [ $NAME == "Zach" ] +if [ $Name == "Daniya" ] || [ $Name == "Zach" ] then - echo "This will run if $NAME is Daniya OR Zach." + echo "This will run if $Name is Daniya OR Zach." fi # Expressions are denoted with the following format: @@ -171,7 +171,7 @@ echo "There are $(ls | wc -l) items here." echo "There are `ls | wc -l` items here." # Bash uses a case statement that works similarly to switch in Java and C++: -case "$VARIABLE" in +case "$Variable" in #List patterns for the conditions you want to meet 0) echo "There is a zero.";; 1) echo "There is a one.";; @@ -179,10 +179,10 @@ case "$VARIABLE" in esac # for loops iterate for as many arguments given: -# The contents of $VARIABLE is printed three times. -for VARIABLE in {1..3} +# The contents of $Variable is printed three times. +for Variable in {1..3} do - echo "$VARIABLE" + echo "$Variable" done # Or write it the "traditional for loop" way: @@ -193,16 +193,16 @@ done # They can also be used to act on files.. # This will run the command 'cat' on file1 and file2 -for VARIABLE in file1 file2 +for Variable in file1 file2 do - cat "$VARIABLE" + cat "$Variable" done # ..or the output from a command # This will cat the output from ls. -for OUTPUT in $(ls) +for Output in $(ls) do - cat "$OUTPUT" + cat "$Output" done # while loop: @@ -230,7 +230,7 @@ bar () } # Calling your function -foo "My name is" $NAME +foo "My name is" $Name # There are a lot of useful commands you should learn: # prints last 10 lines of file.txt