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Finished outline of Variables and Memory. Must be more vague, this is a whirlwind tour!
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@ -168,17 +168,64 @@ threes \ 0 3 6 9 12 ok
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\ of `begin` <stuff to do> <flag> `until`. The loop will run until flag is a
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\ truthy value (not 0).
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\ ------------------------------ The Return Stack ------------------------------
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\ TODO
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\ ------------------------------ Variables and Memory ------------------------------
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\ Sometimes we'll be in a situation where we want more permanent variables:
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\ First, we use `variable` to declare `age` to be a variable.
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variable age
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\ Then we write 21 to age with the word `!`.
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21 age !
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\ Finally we can print our variable using the "read" word '@', which adds the value
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\ to the stack, or use a handy word called `?` that reads and prints it in one go.
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age @ . \ 12 ok
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age ? \ 12 ok
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\ What's happening here is that `age` stores the memory address, and we use `!`
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\ and `@` to manipulate it.
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\ Constants are quite simiar, except we don't bother with memory addresses:
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100 constant WATER-BOILING-POINT \ ok
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WATER-BOILING-POINT . \ 100 ok
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\ Arrays!
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\ Set up an array of length 3:
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variable mynumbers 2 cells allot
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\ Initialize all the values to 0
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mynumbers 3 cells erase
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\ (alternatively we could do `0 fill` instead of `erase`, but as we're setting
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\ them to 0 we just use `erase`).
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\ or we can just skip all the above and initialize with specific values:
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create mynumbers 64 , 9001 , 1337 , \ the last `,` is important!
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\ ...which is equivalent to:
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\ [64, 9001, 1337]
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64 mynumbers 0 cells + !
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9001 mynumbers 1 cells + !
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1337 mynumbers 2 cells + !
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\ Reading values at certain array indexes:
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0 cells mynumbers + ? \ 64 ok
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1 cells mynumbers + ? \ 9001 ok
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2 cells mynumbers + ? \ 1337 ok
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\ Of course, you'll probably want to define your own words to manipulate arrays:
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: ?mynumbers ( n -- n ) cells mynumbers + ; \ ok
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64 mynumbers 2 cells + ! \ ok
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2 ?mynumbers ? \ 64 ok
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\ ------------------------------ The Return Stack ------------------------------
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\ TODO
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\ ------------------------------ Final Notes ------------------------------
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\ Booleans
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\ Floats
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\ Commenting (types)
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\ bye
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