Finished outline of Variables and Memory. Must be more vague, this is a whirlwind tour!

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HorseMD 2014-11-12 23:55:50 +00:00
parent c63b9d0153
commit cc8eb6fed6

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@ -168,17 +168,64 @@ threes \ 0 3 6 9 12 ok
\ of `begin` <stuff to do> <flag> `until`. The loop will run until flag is a
\ truthy value (not 0).
\ ------------------------------ The Return Stack ------------------------------
\ TODO
\ ------------------------------ Variables and Memory ------------------------------
\ Sometimes we'll be in a situation where we want more permanent variables:
\ First, we use `variable` to declare `age` to be a variable.
variable age
\ Then we write 21 to age with the word `!`.
21 age !
\ Finally we can print our variable using the "read" word '@', which adds the value
\ to the stack, or use a handy word called `?` that reads and prints it in one go.
age @ . \ 12 ok
age ? \ 12 ok
\ What's happening here is that `age` stores the memory address, and we use `!`
\ and `@` to manipulate it.
\ Constants are quite simiar, except we don't bother with memory addresses:
100 constant WATER-BOILING-POINT \ ok
WATER-BOILING-POINT . \ 100 ok
\ Arrays!
\ Set up an array of length 3:
variable mynumbers 2 cells allot
\ Initialize all the values to 0
mynumbers 3 cells erase
\ (alternatively we could do `0 fill` instead of `erase`, but as we're setting
\ them to 0 we just use `erase`).
\ or we can just skip all the above and initialize with specific values:
create mynumbers 64 , 9001 , 1337 , \ the last `,` is important!
\ ...which is equivalent to:
\ [64, 9001, 1337]
64 mynumbers 0 cells + !
9001 mynumbers 1 cells + !
1337 mynumbers 2 cells + !
\ Reading values at certain array indexes:
0 cells mynumbers + ? \ 64 ok
1 cells mynumbers + ? \ 9001 ok
2 cells mynumbers + ? \ 1337 ok
\ Of course, you'll probably want to define your own words to manipulate arrays:
: ?mynumbers ( n -- n ) cells mynumbers + ; \ ok
64 mynumbers 2 cells + ! \ ok
2 ?mynumbers ? \ 64 ok
\ ------------------------------ The Return Stack ------------------------------
\ TODO
\ ------------------------------ Final Notes ------------------------------
\ Booleans
\ Floats
\ Commenting (types)
\ bye