Edit code for all snippets to compile properly. Re-word some descriptions.

This commit is contained in:
Levi Bostian 2014-01-06 19:16:47 -06:00
parent 527fc37efa
commit d935f8fd4e

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@ -76,16 +76,16 @@ int main (int argc, const char * argv[])
short fortyTwoShort = [fortyTwoShortNumber shortValue]; // or 42 short fortyTwoShort = [fortyTwoShortNumber shortValue]; // or 42
NSLog(@"%hi", fortyTwoShort); NSLog(@"%hi", fortyTwoShort);
NSNumber *fortyTwoShortNumber = [NSNumber numberWithShort:41]; NSNumber *fortyOneShortNumber = [NSNumber numberWithShort:41];
unsigned short fortyTwoUnsigned = [fortyTwoShortNumber unsignedShortValue]; // or 41 unsigned short fortyOneUnsigned = [fortyOneShortNumber unsignedShortValue]; // or 41
NSLog(@"%hu", fortyTwoUnsigned); NSLog(@"%u", fortyOneUnsigned);
NSNumber *fortyTwoLongNumber = @42L; NSNumber *fortyTwoLongNumber = @42L;
long fortyTwoLong = [fortyTwoLongNumber longValue]; // or 42 long fortyTwoLong = [fortyTwoLongNumber longValue]; // or 42
NSLog(@"%li", fortyTwoLong); NSLog(@"%li", fortyTwoLong);
NSNumber *fortyTwoLongNumber = @53L; NSNumber *fiftyThreeLongNumber = @53L;
unsigned long fiftyThreeUnsigned = [fortyTwoLongNumber unsignedLongValue]; // or 53 unsigned long fiftyThreeUnsigned = [fiftyThreeLongNumber unsignedLongValue]; // or 53
NSLog(@"%lu", fiftyThreeUnsigned); NSLog(@"%lu", fiftyThreeUnsigned);
// Floating point literals // Floating point literals
@ -118,6 +118,7 @@ int main (int argc, const char * argv[])
NSLog(@"%i", yesBool); // prints => 1 NSLog(@"%i", yesBool); // prints => 1
// Array object // Array object
// May contain different data types, but must be an Objective-C object.
NSArray *anArray = @[@1, @2, @3, @4]; NSArray *anArray = @[@1, @2, @3, @4];
NSNumber *thirdNumber = anArray[2]; NSNumber *thirdNumber = anArray[2];
NSLog(@"Third number = %@", thirdNumber); // Print "Third number = 3" NSLog(@"Third number = %@", thirdNumber); // Print "Third number = 3"
@ -148,10 +149,6 @@ int main (int argc, const char * argv[])
[mutableSet addObject:@"Hello"]; [mutableSet addObject:@"Hello"];
NSLog(@"%@", mutableSet); // prints => {(Hello)} NSLog(@"%@", mutableSet); // prints => {(Hello)}
// Set object
NSSet *set = [NSSet setWithObjects:@"Hello", @"Hello", @"World", nil];
NSLog(@"%@", set); // prints => {(Hello, World)}
/////////////////////////////////////// ///////////////////////////////////////
// Operators // Operators
/////////////////////////////////////// ///////////////////////////////////////
@ -299,9 +296,9 @@ int main (int argc, const char * argv[])
} }
// Convenient notation for public access variables to auto generate a setter method. // Convenient notation for public access variables to auto generate a setter method.
// By default, setter method name is 'set' followed by @property variable name. // By default, setter method name is 'set' followed by @property variable name.
@property int count; // Setter name = 'setCount' @property int count; // Setter method name = 'setCount'
@property (copy) NSString *name; // (copy) => Copy the object during assignment. @property (copy) NSString *name; // (copy) => Copy the object during assignment.
@property (readonly) id data; // (readonly) => Declare only a getter method. @property (readonly) id data; // (readonly) => Cannot set value outside interface.
// You can customize the getter and setter names instead of using default 'set' name: // You can customize the getter and setter names instead of using default 'set' name:
@property (getter=lengthGet, setter=lengthSet:) int length; @property (getter=lengthGet, setter=lengthSet:) int length;
@ -322,7 +319,7 @@ int main (int argc, const char * argv[])
// automatically. Method name is 'set' followed by @property variable name: // automatically. Method name is 'set' followed by @property variable name:
MyClass *myClass = [[MyClass alloc] init]; // create MyClass object instance. MyClass *myClass = [[MyClass alloc] init]; // create MyClass object instance.
[myClass setCount:10]; [myClass setCount:10];
NSLog(@"%@", [myClass count]); // prints => 10 NSLog(@"%d", [myClass count]); // prints => 10
// Or using the custom getter and setter method defined in @interface: // Or using the custom getter and setter method defined in @interface:
[myClass lengthSet:32]; [myClass lengthSet:32];
NSLog(@"%i", [myClass lengthGet]); // prints => 32 NSLog(@"%i", [myClass lengthGet]); // prints => 32
@ -349,7 +346,7 @@ NSLog(@"%li", distance); // prints => 18
} }
// Constructors are a way of creating classes // Constructors are a way of creating classes
// This is a default constructor which is called when the object is creating // This is a default constructor which is called when the object is initialized.
- (id)init - (id)init
{ {
if ((self = [super init])) if ((self = [super init]))
@ -410,31 +407,34 @@ With all object interactions, follow the pattern of:
(1) create the object, (2) use the object, (3) then free the object from memory. (1) create the object, (2) use the object, (3) then free the object from memory.
*/ */
MyClass *classVar = [MyClass alloc]; // alloc sets classVar's reference count to one. Returns pointer to object. MyClass *classVar = [MyClass alloc]; // 'alloc' sets classVar's reference count to one. Returns pointer to object.
[classVar release]; // Decrements classVar's reference count. [classVar release]; // Decrements classVar's reference count.
// retain claims ownership of existing object instance and increments reference count. Returns pointer to object. // 'retain' claims ownership of existing object instance and increments reference count. Returns pointer to object.
MyClass *newVar = [classVar retain]; // If classVar is released, object is still in memory because newVar is owner. MyClass *newVar = [classVar retain]; // If classVar is released, object is still in memory because newVar is owner.
[classVar autorelease]; // Removes ownership of object at end of @autoreleasepool block. Returns pointer to object. [classVar autorelease]; // Removes ownership of object at end of @autoreleasepool block. Returns pointer to object.
// @property can use retain or assign as well for small convenient definitions. // @property can use 'retain' and 'assign' as well for small convenient definitions.
@property (retain) MyClass *instance; // Release old value and retain a new one (strong reference). @property (retain) MyClass *instance; // Release old value and retain a new one (strong reference).
@property (assign) NSSet *set; // Pointer to new value without retaining/releasing old (weak reference). @property (assign) NSSet *set; // Pointer to new value without retaining/releasing old (weak reference).
// Automatic Reference Counting (ARC)
// Because memory management can be a pain, Xcode 4.2 and iOS 4 introduced Automatic Reference Counting (ARC). // Because memory management can be a pain, Xcode 4.2 and iOS 4 introduced Automatic Reference Counting (ARC).
// ARC is a compiler feature that inserts retain, release, and autorelease automatically for you, so when using ARC, // ARC is a compiler feature that inserts retain, release, and autorelease automatically for you, so when using ARC,
// you must not use retain, relase, or autorelease. // you must not use retain, relase, or autorelease.
MyClass *arcMyClass = [[MyClass alloc] init]; // Without ARC, you will need to call: [arcMyClass release] after MyClass *arcMyClass = [[MyClass alloc] init];
// you're done using arcMyClass. But with ARC, there is no need. It will insert this release statement for you. // ... code using arcMyClass
// Without ARC, you will need to call: [arcMyClass release] after you're done using arcMyClass. But with ARC,
// there is no need. It will insert this release statement for you.
// As for the "assign" and "retain" @property attributes, with ARC you use "weak" and "strong". // As for the 'assign' and 'retain' @property attributes, with ARC you use 'weak' and 'strong'.
@property (weak) MyClass *weakVar; // weak does not take ownership of object. If original instance's reference count @property (weak) MyClass *weakVar; // 'weak' does not take ownership of object. If original instance's reference count
// is set to zero, weakVar will automatically receive value of nil to avoid application crashing. // is set to zero, weakVar will automatically receive value of nil to avoid application crashing.
@property (strong) MyClass *strongVar; // strong takes ownership of object. Ensures object will stay in memory to use. @property (strong) MyClass *strongVar; // 'strong' takes ownership of object. Ensures object will stay in memory to use.
// For regular variables (not @property declared variables), use the following: // For regular variables (not @property declared variables), use the following:
__strong NSString *strongString; // Default. Variable is retained in memory until it leaves it's scope. __strong NSString *strongString; // Default. Variable is retained in memory until it leaves it's scope.
__weak NSSet *weakSet; // Weak reference to existing object. When existing object is released, weakSet is set to nil. __weak NSSet *weakSet; // Weak reference to existing object. When existing object is released, weakSet is set to nil.
__unsafe_unretained NSArray *unsafeArray; // Like __weak but unsafeArray not set to nil when existing object is released. __unsafe_unretained NSArray *unsafeArray; // Like __weak, but unsafeArray not set to nil when existing object is released.
``` ```
## Further Reading ## Further Reading