mirror of
https://github.com/adambard/learnxinyminutes-docs.git
synced 2024-12-23 09:41:36 +00:00
Add space between separator and comment
Makes the comments get properly syntax-highlighted
This commit is contained in:
parent
1372e8a5a9
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@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ pwd " Displays the current working directory
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" Except for some commands it does not; use the command delemiter before the
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" comment (echo assumes that the quotation mark begins a string)
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echo 'Hello world!' |" Displays a message
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echo 'Hello world!' | " Displays a message
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" Line breaks can be escaped by pacing a backslash as the first non-whitespace
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" character on the *following* line. Only works in script files, not on the
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@ -67,23 +67,23 @@ echo {
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" Numbers (|expr-number|)
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" #######
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echo 123 |" Decimal
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echo 0b1111011 |" Binary
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echo 0173 |" Octal
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echo 0x7B |" Hexadecimal
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echo 123.0 |" Floating-point
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echo 1.23e2 |" Floating-point (scientific notation)
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echo 123 | " Decimal
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echo 0b1111011 | " Binary
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echo 0173 | " Octal
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echo 0x7B | " Hexadecimal
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echo 123.0 | " Floating-point
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echo 1.23e2 | " Floating-point (scientific notation)
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" Note that an *integer* number with a leading `0` is in octal notation. The
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" usual arithmetic operations are supported.
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echo 1 + 2 |" Addition
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echo 1 - 2 |" Subtraction
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echo - 1 |" Negation (unary minus)
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echo + 1 |" Unary plus (does nothing really, but still legal)
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echo 1 * 2 |" Multiplication
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echo 1 / 2 |" Division
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echo 1 % 2 |" Modulo (remainder)
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echo 1 + 2 | " Addition
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echo 1 - 2 | " Subtraction
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echo - 1 | " Negation (unary minus)
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echo + 1 | " Unary plus (does nothing really, but still legal)
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echo 1 * 2 | " Multiplication
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echo 1 / 2 | " Division
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echo 1 % 2 | " Modulo (remainder)
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" Booleans (|Boolean|)
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" ########
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@ -92,19 +92,19 @@ echo 1 % 2 |" Modulo (remainder)
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" converted to numbers (see below). There are two pre-defined semantic
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" constants.
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echo v:true |" Evaluates to 1 or the string 'v:true'
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echo v:false |" Evaluates to 0 or the string 'v:false'
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echo v:true | " Evaluates to 1 or the string 'v:true'
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echo v:false | " Evaluates to 0 or the string 'v:false'
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" Boolean values can result from comparison of two objects.
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echo x == y |" Equality by value
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echo x != y |" Unequality
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echo x > y |" Greater than
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echo x >= y |" Greater than or equal
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echo x < y |" Smaller than
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echo x <= y |" Smaller than or equal
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echo x is y |" Instance identity (lists and dictionaries)
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echo x isnot y |" Instance non-identity (lists and dictionaries)
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echo x == y | " Equality by value
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echo x != y | " Unequality
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echo x > y | " Greater than
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echo x >= y | " Greater than or equal
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echo x < y | " Smaller than
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echo x <= y | " Smaller than or equal
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echo x is y | " Instance identity (lists and dictionaries)
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echo x isnot y | " Instance non-identity (lists and dictionaries)
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" Strings are compared based on their alphanumerical ordering
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" echo 'a' < 'b'. Case sensitivity depends on the setting of 'ignorecase'
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@ -118,19 +118,19 @@ echo 'a' <? 'B' | " True
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echo 'a' <# 'B' | " False
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" Regular expression matching
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echo "hi" =~ "hello" |" Regular expression match, uses 'ignorecase'
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echo "hi" =~# "hello" |" Regular expression match, case sensitive
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echo "hi" =~? "hello" |" Regular expression match, case insensitive
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echo "hi" !~ "hello" |" Regular expression unmatch, use 'ignorecase'
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echo "hi" !~# "hello" |" Regular expression unmatch, case sensitive
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echo "hi" !~? "hello" |" Regular expression unmatch, case insensitive
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echo "hi" =~ "hello" | " Regular expression match, uses 'ignorecase'
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echo "hi" =~# "hello" | " Regular expression match, case sensitive
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echo "hi" =~? "hello" | " Regular expression match, case insensitive
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echo "hi" !~ "hello" | " Regular expression unmatch, use 'ignorecase'
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echo "hi" !~# "hello" | " Regular expression unmatch, case sensitive
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echo "hi" !~? "hello" | " Regular expression unmatch, case insensitive
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" Boolean operations are possible.
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echo v:true && v:false |" Logical AND
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echo v:true || v:false |" Logical OR
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echo ! v:true |" Logical NOT
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echo v:true ? 'yes' : 'no' |" Ternary operator
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echo v:true && v:false | " Logical AND
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echo v:true || v:false | " Logical OR
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echo ! v:true | " Logical NOT
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echo v:true ? 'yes' : 'no' | " Ternary operator
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" Strings (|String|)
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@ -140,9 +140,9 @@ echo v:true ? 'yes' : 'no' |" Ternary operator
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" depends on the option |'encoding'|.
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" Literal constructors
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echo "Hello world\n" |" The last two characters stand for newline
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echo 'Hello world\n' |" The last two characters are literal
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echo 'Let''s go!' |" Two single quotes become one quote character
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echo "Hello world\n" | " The last two characters stand for newline
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echo 'Hello world\n' | " The last two characters are literal
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echo 'Let''s go!' | " Two single quotes become one quote character
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" Single-quote strings take all characters are literal, except two single
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" quotes, which are taken to be a single quote in the string itself. See
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@ -150,21 +150,21 @@ echo 'Let''s go!' |" Two single quotes become one quote character
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" String concatenation
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" The .. operator is preferred, but only supported in since Vim 8.1.1114
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echo 'Hello ' . 'world' |" String concatenation
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echo 'Hello ' .. 'world' |" String concatenation (new variant)
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echo 'Hello ' . 'world' | " String concatenation
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echo 'Hello ' .. 'world' | " String concatenation (new variant)
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" String indexing
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echo 'Hello'[0] |" First byte
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echo 'Hello'[1] |" Second byte
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echo 'Hellö'[4] |" Returns a byte, not the character 'ö'
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echo 'Hello'[0] | " First byte
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echo 'Hello'[1] | " Second byte
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echo 'Hellö'[4] | " Returns a byte, not the character 'ö'
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" Substrings (second index is inclusive)
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echo 'Hello'[:] |" Copy of entire string
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echo 'Hello'[1:3] |" Substring, second to fourth byte
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echo 'Hello'[1:-2] |" Substring until second to last byte
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echo 'Hello'[1:] |" Substring with starting index
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echo 'Hello'[:2] |" Substring with ending index
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echo 'Hello'[-2:] |" Substring relative to end of string
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echo 'Hello'[:] | " Copy of entire string
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echo 'Hello'[1:3] | " Substring, second to fourth byte
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echo 'Hello'[1:-2] | " Substring until second to last byte
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echo 'Hello'[1:] | " Substring with starting index
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echo 'Hello'[:2] | " Substring with ending index
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echo 'Hello'[-2:] | " Substring relative to end of string
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" A negative index is relative to the end of the string. See
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" |string-functions| for all string-related functions.
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@ -176,23 +176,23 @@ echo 'Hello'[-2:] |" Substring relative to end of string
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" objects.
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" Literal constructor
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echo [] |" Empty list
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echo [1, 2, 'Hello'] |" List with elements
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echo [1, 2, 'Hello', ] |" Trailing comma permitted
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echo [[1, 2], 'Hello'] |" Lists can be nested arbitrarily
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echo [] | " Empty list
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echo [1, 2, 'Hello'] | " List with elements
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echo [1, 2, 'Hello', ] | " Trailing comma permitted
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echo [[1, 2], 'Hello'] | " Lists can be nested arbitrarily
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" List concatenation
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echo [1, 2] + [3, 4] |" Creates a new list
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echo [1, 2] + [3, 4] | " Creates a new list
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" List indexing, negative is relative to end of list (|list-index|)
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echo [1, 2, 3, 4][2] |" Third element
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echo [1, 2, 3, 4][-1] |" Last element
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echo [1, 2, 3, 4][2] | " Third element
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echo [1, 2, 3, 4][-1] | " Last element
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" List slicing (|sublist|)
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echo [1, 2, 3, 4][:] |" Shallow copy of entire list
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echo [1, 2, 3, 4][:2] |" Sublist until third item (inclusive)
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echo [1, 2, 3, 4][2:] |" Sublist from third item (inclusive)
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echo [1, 2, 3, 4][:-2] |" Sublist until second-to-last item (inclusive)
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echo [1, 2, 3, 4][:] | " Shallow copy of entire list
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echo [1, 2, 3, 4][:2] | " Sublist until third item (inclusive)
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echo [1, 2, 3, 4][2:] | " Sublist from third item (inclusive)
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echo [1, 2, 3, 4][:-2] | " Sublist until second-to-last item (inclusive)
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" All slicing operations create new lists. To modify a list in-place use list
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" functions (|list-functions|) or assign directly to an item (see below about
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@ -206,14 +206,14 @@ echo [1, 2, 3, 4][:-2] |" Sublist until second-to-last item (inclusive)
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" are implicitly converted to strings).
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" Dictionary literal
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echo {} |" Empty dictionary
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echo {'a': 1, 'b': 2} |" Dictionary literal
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echo {'a': 1, 'b': 2, } |" Trailing comma permitted
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echo {'x': {'a': 1, 'b': 2}} |" Nested dictionary
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echo {} | " Empty dictionary
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echo {'a': 1, 'b': 2} | " Dictionary literal
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echo {'a': 1, 'b': 2, } | " Trailing comma permitted
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echo {'x': {'a': 1, 'b': 2}} | " Nested dictionary
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" Indexing a dictionary
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echo {'a': 1, 'b': 2}['a'] |" Literal index
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echo {'a': 1, 'b': 2}.a |" Syntactic sugar for simple keys
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echo {'a': 1, 'b': 2}['a'] | " Literal index
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echo {'a': 1, 'b': 2}.a | " Syntactic sugar for simple keys
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" See |dict-functions| for dictionary manipulation functions.
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@ -225,14 +225,14 @@ echo {'a': 1, 'b': 2}.a |" Syntactic sugar for simple keys
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" When stored in a variable the name of the variable has the same restrictions
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" as a function name (see below).
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echo function('type') |" Reference to function type()
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echo function('type') | " Reference to function type()
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" Note that `funcref('type')` will throw an error because the argument must be
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" a user-defined function; see further below for defining your own functions.
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echo funcref('type') |" Reference by identity, not name
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echo funcref('type') | " Reference by identity, not name
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" A lambda (|lambda|) is an anonymous function; it can only contain one
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" expression in its body, which is also its implicit return value.
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echo {x -> x * x} |" Anonymous function
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echo function('substitute', ['hello']) |" Partial function
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echo {x -> x * x} | " Anonymous function
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echo function('substitute', ['hello']) | " Partial function
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" Regular expression (|regular-expression|)
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@ -254,12 +254,12 @@ substitute/hello/Hello/
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" number becomes its decimal notation as a string. A string becomes its
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" numerical value if it can be parsed to a number, otherwise it becomes zero.
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echo "1" + 1 |" Number
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echo "1" .. 1 |" String
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echo "0xA" + 1 |" Number
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echo "1" + 1 | " Number
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echo "1" .. 1 | " String
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echo "0xA" + 1 | " Number
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" Strings are treated like numbers when used as booleans
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echo "true" ? 1 : 0 |" This string is parsed to 0, which is false
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echo "true" ? 1 : 0 | " This string is parsed to 0, which is false
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" ###########
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" Variables
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@ -269,41 +269,41 @@ echo "true" ? 1 : 0 |" This string is parsed to 0, which is false
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" chosen by Vim. Use `:let` and `:const` to bind a value and `:unlet` to unbind
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" it.
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let b:my_var = 1 |" Local to current buffer
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let w:my_var = 1 |" Local to current window
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let t:my_var = 1 |" Local to current tab page
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let g:my_var = 1 |" Global variable
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let l:my_var = 1 |" Local to current function (see functions below)
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let s:my_var = 1 |" Local to current script file
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let a:my_arg = 1 |" Function argument (see functions below)
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let b:my_var = 1 | " Local to current buffer
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let w:my_var = 1 | " Local to current window
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let t:my_var = 1 | " Local to current tab page
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let g:my_var = 1 | " Global variable
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let l:my_var = 1 | " Local to current function (see functions below)
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let s:my_var = 1 | " Local to current script file
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let a:my_arg = 1 | " Function argument (see functions below)
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" The Vim scope is read-only
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echo v:true |" Special built-in Vim variables (|v:var|)
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echo v:true | " Special built-in Vim variables (|v:var|)
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" Access special Vim memory like variables
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let @a = 'Hello' |" Register
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let $PATH='' |" Environment variable
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let &textwidth = 79 |" Option
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let &l:textwidth = 79 |" Local option
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let &g:textwidth = 79 |" Global option
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let @a = 'Hello' | " Register
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let $PATH='' | " Environment variable
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let &textwidth = 79 | " Option
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let &l:textwidth = 79 | " Local option
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let &g:textwidth = 79 | " Global option
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" Access scopes as dictionaries (can be modified like all dictionaries)
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" See the |dict-functions|, especially |get()|, for access and manipulation
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echo b: |" All buffer variables
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echo w: |" All window variables
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echo t: |" All tab page variables
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echo g: |" All global variables
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echo l: |" All local variables
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echo s: |" All script variables
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echo a: |" All function arguments
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echo v: |" All Vim variables
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echo b: | " All buffer variables
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echo w: | " All window variables
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echo t: | " All tab page variables
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echo g: | " All global variables
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echo l: | " All local variables
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echo s: | " All script variables
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echo a: | " All function arguments
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echo v: | " All Vim variables
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" Constant variables
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const x = 10 |" See |:const|, |:lockvar|
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const x = 10 | " See |:const|, |:lockvar|
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" Function reference variables have the same restrictions as function names
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let IsString = {x -> type(x) == type('')} |" Global: capital letter
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let s:isNumber = {x -> type(x) == type(0)} |" Local: any name allowed
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let IsString = {x -> type(x) == type('')} | " Global: capital letter
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let s:isNumber = {x -> type(x) == type(0)} | " Local: any name allowed
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" When omitted the scope `g:` is implied, except in functions, there `l:` is
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" implied.
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@ -419,8 +419,8 @@ endtry
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" Unscoped function names have to start with a capital letter
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function! AddNumbersLoudly(x, y)
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" Use a: scope to access arguments
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echo 'Adding' .. a:x .. 'and' .. a:y |" A side effect
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return a:x + a:y |" A return value
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echo 'Adding' .. a:x .. 'and' .. a:y | " A side effect
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return a:x + a:y | " A return value
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endfunction
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" Scoped function names may start with a lower-case letter
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@ -448,7 +448,7 @@ endfunction
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" Aborting functions, abort once error occurs (|:func-abort|)
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function! SourceMyFile() abort
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source my-file.vim |" Try sourcing non-existing file
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source my-file.vim | " Try sourcing non-existing file
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echo 'This will never be printed'
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endfunction
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@ -460,11 +460,11 @@ function! MakeAdder(x)
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return funcref('Adder')
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endfunction
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let AddFive = MakeAdder(5)
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echo AddFive(3) |" Prints 8
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echo AddFive(3) | " Prints 8
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" Dictionary functions, poor man's OOP methods (|Dictionary-function|)
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function! Mylen() dict
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return len(self.data) |" Implicit variable self
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return len(self.data) | " Implicit variable self
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endfunction
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let mydict = {'data': [0, 1, 2, 3], 'len': function("Mylen")}
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echo mydict.len()
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@ -486,7 +486,7 @@ call sign_undefine()
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" The call() function calls a function reference and passes parameters as a
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" list, and returns the function's result.
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echo call(function('get'), [{'a': 1, 'b': 2}, 'c', 3]) |" Prints 3
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echo call(function('get'), [{'a': 1, 'b': 2}, 'c', 3]) | " Prints 3
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" Recall that Vim script is embedded within the ex-commands, that is why we
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" cannot just call a function directly, we have to use the `:call` ex-command.
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@ -547,10 +547,10 @@ autocmd BufWritePost $MYVIMRC source $MYVIMRC
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" without deleting the old ones, causing auto-commands to pile up over time.
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" Use auto-groups and the following ritual to guard against this.
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augroup auto-source |" The name of the group is arbitrary
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autocmd! |" Deletes all auto-commands in the current group
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augroup auto-source | " The name of the group is arbitrary
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autocmd! | " Deletes all auto-commands in the current group
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autocmd BufWritePost $MYVIMRC source $MYVIMRC
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augroup END |" Switch back to default auto-group
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augroup END | " Switch back to default auto-group
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" It is also possible to assign a group directly. This is useful if the
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" definition of the group is in one script and the definition of the
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@ -570,8 +570,8 @@ autocmd auto-source BufWritePost $MYVIMRC source $MYVIMRC
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" Sometimes we need to construct an ex-command where part of the command is not
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" known until runtime.
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let line = 3 |" Line number determined at runtime
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execute line .. 'delete' |" Delete a line
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let line = 3 | " Line number determined at runtime
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execute line .. 'delete' | " Delete a line
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" Executing normal-mode commands
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" ##############################
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@ -579,11 +579,11 @@ execute line .. 'delete' |" Delete a line
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" Use `:normal` to play back a sequence of normal mode commands from the
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" command-line. Add an exclamation mark to ignore user mappings.
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normal! ggddGp |" Transplant first line to end of buffer
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normal! ggddGp | " Transplant first line to end of buffer
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" Window commands can be used with :normal, or with :wincmd if :normal would
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" not work
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wincmd L |" Move current window all the way to the right
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wincmd L | " Move current window all the way to the right
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" ###########################
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@ -591,38 +591,38 @@ wincmd L |" Move current window all the way to the right
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" ###########################
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" Feature check
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echo has('nvim') |" Running Neovim
|
||||
echo has('python3') |" Support for Python 3 plugins
|
||||
echo has('unix') |" Running on a Unix system
|
||||
echo has('win32') |" Running on a Windows system
|
||||
echo has('nvim') | " Running Neovim
|
||||
echo has('python3') | " Support for Python 3 plugins
|
||||
echo has('unix') | " Running on a Unix system
|
||||
echo has('win32') | " Running on a Windows system
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
" Test if something exists
|
||||
echo exists('&mouse') |" Option (exists only)
|
||||
echo exists('+mouse') |" Option (exists and works)
|
||||
echo exists('$HOSTNAME') |" Environment variable
|
||||
echo exists('*strftime') |" Built-in function
|
||||
echo exists('**s:MyFunc') |" User-defined function
|
||||
echo exists('bufcount') |" Variable (scope optional)
|
||||
echo exists('my_dict["foo"]') |" Variable (dictionary entry)
|
||||
echo exists('my_dict["foo"]') |" Variable (dictionary entry)
|
||||
echo exists(':Make') |" Command
|
||||
echo exists("#CursorHold") |" Auto-command defined for event
|
||||
echo exists("#BufReadPre#*.gz") |" Event and pattern
|
||||
echo exists("#filetypeindent") |" Auto-command group
|
||||
echo exists("##ColorScheme") |" Auto-commnand supported for event
|
||||
echo exists('&mouse') | " Option (exists only)
|
||||
echo exists('+mouse') | " Option (exists and works)
|
||||
echo exists('$HOSTNAME') | " Environment variable
|
||||
echo exists('*strftime') | " Built-in function
|
||||
echo exists('**s:MyFunc') | " User-defined function
|
||||
echo exists('bufcount') | " Variable (scope optional)
|
||||
echo exists('my_dict["foo"]') | " Variable (dictionary entry)
|
||||
echo exists('my_dict["foo"]') | " Variable (dictionary entry)
|
||||
echo exists(':Make') | " Command
|
||||
echo exists("#CursorHold") | " Auto-command defined for event
|
||||
echo exists("#BufReadPre#*.gz") | " Event and pattern
|
||||
echo exists("#filetypeindent") | " Auto-command group
|
||||
echo exists("##ColorScheme") | " Auto-commnand supported for event
|
||||
|
||||
" Various dynamic values (see |expand()|)
|
||||
echo expand('%') |" Current file name
|
||||
echo expand('<cword>') |" Current word under cursor
|
||||
echo expand('%:p') |" Modifier are possible
|
||||
echo expand('%') | " Current file name
|
||||
echo expand('<cword>') | " Current word under cursor
|
||||
echo expand('%:p') | " Modifier are possible
|
||||
|
||||
" Type tests
|
||||
echo type(my_var) == type(0) |" Number
|
||||
echo type(my_var) == type('') |" String
|
||||
echo type(my_var) == type([]) |" List
|
||||
echo type(my_var) == type({}) |" Dictionary
|
||||
echo type(my_var) == type(function('type')) |" Funcref
|
||||
echo type(my_var) == type(0) | " Number
|
||||
echo type(my_var) == type('') | " String
|
||||
echo type(my_var) == type([]) | " List
|
||||
echo type(my_var) == type({}) | " Dictionary
|
||||
echo type(my_var) == type(function('type')) | " Funcref
|
||||
|
||||
" Format strings
|
||||
echo printf('%d in hexadecimal is %X', 123, 123)
|
||||
@ -647,5 +647,5 @@ let g:loaded_my_plugin = v:true
|
||||
|
||||
" Get a default value: if the user defines a variable use it, otherwise use a
|
||||
" hard-coded default. Uses the fact that a scope is also a dictionary.
|
||||
l
|
||||
let s:greeting = get(g:, 'my_plugin_greeting', 'Hello')
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
Loading…
Reference in New Issue
Block a user