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@ -297,9 +297,9 @@ int main (int argc, const char * argv[])
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}
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}
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// Convenient notation for public access variables to auto generate a setter method.
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// Convenient notation for public access variables to auto generate a setter method.
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// By default, setter method name is 'set' followed by @property variable name.
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// By default, setter method name is 'set' followed by @property variable name.
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@property int propInt; // Setter method name = 'setCount'
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@property int propInt; // Setter method name = 'setPropInt'
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@property (copy) id copyId; // (copy) => Copy the object during assignment.
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@property (copy) id copyId; // (copy) => Copy the object during assignment.
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// (readonly) => Cannot set value outside interface.
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// (readonly) => Cannot set value outside @interface.
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@property (readonly) NSString *roString; // Use @synthesize in @implementation to create accessor.
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@property (readonly) NSString *roString; // Use @synthesize in @implementation to create accessor.
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// You can customize the getter and setter names instead of using default 'set' name:
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// You can customize the getter and setter names instead of using default 'set' name:
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@property (getter=lengthGet, setter=lengthSet:) int length;
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@property (getter=lengthGet, setter=lengthSet:) int length;
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@ -307,16 +307,17 @@ int main (int argc, const char * argv[])
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// Methods
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// Methods
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+/- (return type)methodSignature:(Parameter Type *)parameterName;
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+/- (return type)methodSignature:(Parameter Type *)parameterName;
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// + for class method.
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// + for class methods:
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+ (NSString *)classMethod;
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+ (NSString *)classMethod;
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+ (MyClass *)myClassFromHeight:(NSNumber *)defaultHeight;
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+ (MyClass *)myClassFromHeight:(NSNumber *)defaultHeight;
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// - for instance methods.
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// - for instance methods:
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- (NSString *)instanceMethodWithParameter:(NSString *)string;
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- (NSString *)instanceMethodWithParameter:(NSString *)string;
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- (NSNumber *)methodAParameterAsString:(NSString*)string andAParameterAsNumber:(NSNumber *)number;
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- (NSNumber *)methodAParameterAsString:(NSString*)string andAParameterAsNumber:(NSNumber *)number;
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// Constructor methods with arguments:
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// Constructor methods with arguments:
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- (id)initWithDistance:(int)defaultDistance;
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- (id)initWithDistance:(int)defaultDistance;
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// Objective-C method names are very descriptive. Always name methods according to their arguments.
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@end // States the end of the interface.
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@end // States the end of the interface.
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@ -333,21 +334,6 @@ NSLog(@"%i", [myClass lengthGet]); // prints => 32
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myClass.count = 45;
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myClass.count = 45;
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NSLog(@"%i", myClass.count); // prints => 45
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NSLog(@"%i", myClass.count); // prints => 45
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// Selectors.
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// Way of dynamically represent methods. Used to call methods of a class, pass methods
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// through functions to tell other classes they should call it, and save to methods
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// as a variable.
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// SEL is data type. @selector() returns a selector from method name provided.
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// methodAParameterAsString:andAParameterAsNumber: is method name for method in MyClass
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SEL selectorVar = @selector(methodAParameterAsString:andAParameterAsNumber:);
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if ([myClass respondsToSelector:selectorVar]) { // Checks if class contains method.
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// Must put method arguments into one object to send to performSelector.
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NSArray *arguments = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:@"Hello", @4, nil];
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[myClass performSelector:selectorVar withObject:arguments]; // Calls the method
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} else {
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NSLog(@"MyClass does not have method: %@", NSStringFromSelector(selectedVar));
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}
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// Call class methods:
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// Call class methods:
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NSString *classMethodString = [MyClass classMethod];
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NSString *classMethodString = [MyClass classMethod];
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MyClass *classFromName = [MyClass myClassFromName:@"Hello"];
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MyClass *classFromName = [MyClass myClassFromName:@"Hello"];
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@ -356,6 +342,22 @@ MyClass *classFromName = [MyClass myClassFromName:@"Hello"];
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MyClass *myClass = [[MyClass alloc] init]; // Create MyClass object instance.
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MyClass *myClass = [[MyClass alloc] init]; // Create MyClass object instance.
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NSString *stringFromInstanceMethod = [myClass instanceMethodWithParameter:@"Hello"];
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NSString *stringFromInstanceMethod = [myClass instanceMethodWithParameter:@"Hello"];
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// Selectors.
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// Way to dynamically represent methods. Used to call methods of a class, pass methods
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// through functions to tell other classes they should call it, and to save methods
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// as a variable.
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// SEL is the data type. @selector() returns a selector from method name provided.
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// methodAParameterAsString:andAParameterAsNumber: is method name for method in MyClass
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SEL selectorVar = @selector(methodAParameterAsString:andAParameterAsNumber:);
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if ([myClass respondsToSelector:selectorVar]) { // Checks if class contains method.
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// Must put all method arguments into one object to send to performSelector function.
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NSArray *arguments = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:@"Hello", @4, nil];
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[myClass performSelector:selectorVar withObject:arguments]; // Calls the method.
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} else {
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// NSStringFromSelector() returns a NSString of the method name of a given selector.
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NSLog(@"MyClass does not have method: %@", NSStringFromSelector(selectedVar));
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}
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// Implement the methods in an implementation (MyClass.m) file:
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// Implement the methods in an implementation (MyClass.m) file:
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@implementation MyClass {
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@implementation MyClass {
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long distance; // Private access instance variable.
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long distance; // Private access instance variable.
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@ -384,13 +386,13 @@ distance = 18; // References "long distance" from MyClass implementation.
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[super dealloc]; // and call parent class dealloc.
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[super dealloc]; // and call parent class dealloc.
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}
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}
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// Constructors are a way of creating instances of classes.
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// Constructors are a way of creating instances of a class.
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// This is a default constructor which is called when the object is initialized.
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// This is a default constructor which is called when the object is initialized.
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- (id)init
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- (id)init
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{
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{
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if ((self = [super init])) // 'super' used to access methods from parent class.
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if ((self = [super init])) // 'super' used to access methods from parent class.
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{
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{
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self.count = 1; // 'self' used for object to send messages to itself.
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self.count = 1; // 'self' used for object to call itself.
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}
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}
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return self;
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return self;
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}
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}
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@ -422,7 +424,7 @@ distance = 18; // References "long distance" from MyClass implementation.
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return @42;
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return @42;
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}
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}
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// If you create a method in @implementation but do not include in @interface, it is private.
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// To create a private method, create the method in the @implementation but not in the @interface.
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- (NSNumber *)secretPrivateMethod {
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- (NSNumber *)secretPrivateMethod {
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return @72;
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return @72;
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}
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}
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