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171 lines
5.0 KiB
Markdown
171 lines
5.0 KiB
Markdown
---
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language: yaml
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contributors:
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- ["Adam Brenecki", "https://github.com/adambrenecki"]
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translators:
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- ["Zach Zhang", "https://github.com/checkcheckzz"]
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- ["Jiang Haiyun", "https://github.com/haiiiiiyun"]
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filename: learnyaml-cn.yaml
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lang: zh-cn
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---
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YAML 是一个数据序列化语言,被设计成人类直接可写可读的。
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它是 JSON 的严格超集,增加了语法显著换行符和缩进,就像 Python。但和 Python 不一样,
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YAML 根本不容许文字制表符。
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```yaml
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# YAML 中的注解看起来像这样。
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################
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# 标量类型 #
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################
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# 我们的根对象 (它们在整个文件里延续) 将会是一个映射,
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# 它等价于在别的语言里的一个字典,哈西表或对象。
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key: value
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another_key: Another value goes here.
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a_number_value: 100
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# 如果你想将数字 1 作为值,你必须要将它括在引号中。
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# 不然 YAML 解析器会假定它是一个布尔值 true。
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scientific_notation: 1e+12
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boolean: true
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null_value: null
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key with spaces: value
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# 注意到字符串不需要被括在引号中。但是,它们可以被括起来。
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"Keys can be quoted too.": "Useful if you want to put a ':' in your key."
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# 多行字符串既可以写成像一个'文字块'(使用 |),
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# 或像一个'折叠块'(使用 '>')。
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literal_block: |
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This entire block of text will be the value of the 'literal_block' key,
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with line breaks being preserved.
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The literal continues until de-dented, and the leading indentation is
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stripped.
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Any lines that are 'more-indented' keep the rest of their indentation -
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these lines will be indented by 4 spaces.
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folded_style: >
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This entire block of text will be the value of 'folded_style', but this
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time, all newlines will be replaced with a single space.
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Blank lines, like above, are converted to a newline character.
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'More-indented' lines keep their newlines, too -
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this text will appear over two lines.
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####################
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# 集合类型 #
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####################
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# 嵌套是通过缩进完成的。
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a_nested_map:
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key: value
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another_key: Another Value
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another_nested_map:
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hello: hello
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# 映射的键值不必是字符串。
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0.25: a float key
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# 键值也可以是复合型的,比如多行对象
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# 我们用 ? 后跟一个空格来表示一个复合键的开始。
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? |
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This is a key
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that has multiple lines
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: and this is its value
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# YAML 也允许使用复杂键语法表示序列间的映射关系。
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# 但有些语言的解析器可能会不支持。
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# 一个例子:
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? - Manchester United
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- Real Madrid
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: [ 2001-01-01, 2002-02-02 ]
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# 序列 (等价于列表或数组) 看起来像这样:
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a_sequence:
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- Item 1
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- Item 2
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- 0.5 # 序列可以包含不同类型。
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- Item 4
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- key: value
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another_key: another_value
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-
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- This is a sequence
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- inside another sequence
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# 因为 YAML 是 JSON 的超集,你也可以写 JSON 风格的映射和序列:
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json_map: {"key": "value"}
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json_seq: [3, 2, 1, "takeoff"]
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#######################
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# 其余的 YAML 特性 #
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#######################
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# YAML 还有一个方便的特性叫 '锚',它能让你很容易在文档中进行文本复用。
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# 如下两个键会有相同的值:
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anchored_content: &anchor_name This string will appear as the value of two keys.
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other_anchor: *anchor_name
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# 锚也可被用来复制/继承属性
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base: &base
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name: Everyone has same name
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foo: &foo
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<<: *base
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age: 10
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bar: &bar
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<<: *base
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age: 20
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# foo 和 bar 将都含有 name: Everyone has same name
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# YAML 还有标签,你可以用它显示地声明类型。
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explicit_string: !!str 0.5
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# 一些解析器实现特定语言的标签,就像这个针对 Python 的复数类型。
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python_complex_number: !!python/complex 1+2j
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# 我们也可以在 YAML 的复合键中使用特定语言的标签
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? !!python/tuple [5, 7]
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: Fifty Seven
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# 将会是 Python 中的 {(5, 7): 'Fifty Seven'}
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####################
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# 其余的 YAML 类型 #
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####################
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# 除了字符串和数字,YAML 还能理解其它标量。
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# ISO 格式的日期和日期时间文本也可以被解析。
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datetime: 2001-12-15T02:59:43.1Z
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datetime_with_spaces: 2001-12-14 21:59:43.10 -5
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date: 2002-12-14
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# 这个 !!binary 标签表明这个字符串实际上
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# 是一个用 base64 编码表示的二进制 blob。
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gif_file: !!binary |
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R0lGODlhDAAMAIQAAP//9/X17unp5WZmZgAAAOfn515eXvPz7Y6OjuDg4J+fn5
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OTk6enp56enmlpaWNjY6Ojo4SEhP/++f/++f/++f/++f/++f/++f/++f/++f/+
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+f/++f/++f/++f/++f/++SH+Dk1hZGUgd2l0aCBHSU1QACwAAAAADAAMAAAFLC
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AgjoEwnuNAFOhpEMTRiggcz4BNJHrv/zCFcLiwMWYNG84BwwEeECcgggoBADs=
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# YAML 还有一个集合类型,它看起来像这样:
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set:
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? item1
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? item2
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? item3
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# 像 Python 一样,集合仅是值为 null 的映射;上面的集合等价于:
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set2:
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item1: null
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item2: null
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item3: null
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```
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### 更多资源
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+ [YAML official website](http://yaml.org/)
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+ [Online YAML Validator](http://codebeautify.org/yaml-validator)
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