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85 lines
2.7 KiB
Markdown
85 lines
2.7 KiB
Markdown
---
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name: JSON
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filename: learnjson.json
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contributors:
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- ["Anna Harren", "https://github.com/iirelu"]
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- ["Marco Scannadinari", "https://github.com/marcoms"]
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- ["himanshu", "https://github.com/himanshu81494"]
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- ["Michael Neth", "https://github.com/infernocloud"]
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- ["Athanasios Emmanouilidis", "https://github.com/athanasiosem"]
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---
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JSON is an extremely simple data-interchange format. As [json.org](https://json.org) says, it is easy for humans to read and write and for machines to parse and generate.
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A piece of JSON can be any value of the types listed later, but in practice almost always represents either:
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* A collection of name/value pairs (`{ }`). In various languages, this is realized as an object, record, struct, dictionary, hash table, keyed list, or associative array.
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* An ordered list of values (`[ ]`). In various languages, this is realized as an array, vector, list, or sequence.
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JSON in its purest form has no actual comments, but most parsers will accept C-style (`//`, `/* */`) comments. Some parsers also tolerate a trailing comma (i.e. a comma after the last element of an array or the after the last property of an object), but they should be avoided for better compatibility.
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For the purposes of this tutorial, everything is going to be 100% valid JSON. Luckily, it kind of speaks for itself.
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Supported data types:
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* Strings: `"hello"`, `"\"A quote.\""`, `"\u0abe"`, `"Newline.\n"`
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* Numbers: `23`, `0.11`, `12e10`, `3.141e-10`, `1.23e+4`
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* Objects: `{ "key": "value" }`
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* Arrays: `["Values"]`
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* Miscellaneous: `true`, `false`, `null`
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```json
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{
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"key": "value",
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"keys": "must always be enclosed in double quotes",
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"numbers": 0,
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"strings": "Hellø, wørld. All unicode is allowed, along with \"escaping\".",
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"has bools?": true,
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"nothingness": null,
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"big number": 1.2e+100,
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"objects": {
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"comment": "Most of your structure will come from objects.",
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"array": [0, 1, 2, 3, "Arrays can have anything in them.", 5],
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"another object": {
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"comment": "These things can be nested, very useful."
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}
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},
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"silliness": [
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{
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"sources of potassium": ["bananas"]
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},
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[
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[1, 0, 0, 0],
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[0, 1, 0, 0],
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[0, 0, 1, "neo"],
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[0, 0, 0, 1]
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]
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],
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"alternative style": {
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"comment": "check this out!"
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, "comma position": "doesn't matter, if it's before the next key, it's valid"
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, "another comment": "how nice"
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},
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"whitespace": "Does not matter.",
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"that was short": "And done. You now know everything JSON has to offer."
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}
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```
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## Further Reading
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* [JSON.org](https://json.org) All of JSON beautifully explained using flowchart-like graphics.
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* [JSON Tutorial](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wI1CWzNtE-M) A concise introduction to JSON.
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